The Leeds Dependence Questionnaire (LDQ) is a 10-item, self-administered assessment tool designed to measure an individual’s level of dependence on alcohol and drugs. The LDQ is effective in capturing a range of dependence severity, from mild to severe dependence, and is validated for use in a wide variety of populations. The LDQ asks respondents about their experience and engagement in behavior and thought patterns associated with substance dependence (e.g., "Do you drink or take drugs morning, afternoon and evening?"). Possible responses ranging from "Never" to "Nearly always.” The questionnaire is sensitive to changes over time and is useful for monitoring progress in treatment.

Self-report

10

11+

Monthly

Each item on the LDQ is rated on a scale of 0 (“Never”) to 3 (“Nearly always”). The measure is scored by summing the responses. The total range of scores is 0 to 30, with higher scores reflecting a higher degree of dependence. Reliable change in dependence is indicated by a score change of 4 or more. A functional population score, which can help guide clinical decisions regarding the need for further intervention, is considered to be less than 10 for males and less than 5 for females; scores below these cut-offs indicate the individual has a lower probability of being dependent on substances.

N/A

Raistrick, D., Bradshaw, J., Tober, G., et al. (1994) Development of the Leeds Dependence Questionnaire (LDQ): a questionnaire to measure alcohol and opiate dependence in the context of a treatment evaluation package. Addiction, 89, 563–72. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb03332.x

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